People(de)

We’ve seen how the words before nouns have different endings in German, like einen Garten or eine Frau. There’s a group of masculine nouns that end with ‑e, such as der Junge or der Name. These nouns add an ‑n to the end when in the accusative.

Der Name ist gut.

Kennst du seinen Namen?

der Vorname(the first name)

Ich mag deinen Vornamen.

Der Nachname(the last name)

Types of People

There are a few different words in German for people!

Menschen are technically humans, human beings, or mankind.

Leute is a large group of people (and it’s always plural).

Person literally means person! You can also use Personen to refer to a group of people small enough to count.

der Erwachsene(the adult)

der Bürger(the citizen)

das Mitglied(the member)

Die Gruppe lernt.

der Gegner(the opponent)

der Feind(the enemy)

Sie hat keine Feinde.

Der Anfänger(the beginner) hat keinen Hunger.

der Besucher(the vistor)

Der Besucher mag mich nicht.

Ich mag deine Freundin nicht.

I don't like your girlfriend.

Family

Familie might look like the word family, but it’s not pronounced the same, fah‑MEE‑lee‑uh!

The words Schwester and Geschwister may seem similar, but pay attention to the sound differences:

Schwester, “e” as in “bet”

Geschwister, “i” as in “in”

the relationship / die Beziehung / das Verhältnis

the relationships / die Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse

English

German

English

German

the dad/grandpa

der Papa/Opa

the mom/grandma

die Mama/Oma

the father

der Vater(Väter)

the mother

die Mutter

the husband

der Ehemann

the wife

die Ehefrau

the parents

Die Eltern

the grandparents

die Großeltern

the grandpa

der Großvater

the grandma

die Großmutter

the fiancé

der Verlobte

the fiancée

Die Verlobte

the boyfriend/friend

der Freund

the girlfriend

die Freundin

the brother

der Bruder

the daughter

die Tochter

the grandson

der Enkel

the granddaughter

die Enkelin

the brother-in-law

der Schwager

the daughter-in-law

die Schwiegertochter

the father-in-law

der Schwiegervater

the mother-in-law

die Schwiegermutter

the son

der Sohn

the sister

die Schwester

the son-in-law

der Schwiegersohn

the sister-in-law

die Schwägerin

the cousins

die Cousinen

brothers and sisters

das Geschwister

the uncle

der Onkel

the aunt

die Tante

the nephew

der Neffe

the niece

die Nichte

mein Vater und meine Mutter

my father and my mother

You might hear the words Mutti and Vati! These words were used in former East Germany and are still used in this area today.

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