People(de)
We’ve seen how the words before nouns have different endings in German, like einen Garten or eine Frau. There’s a group of masculine nouns that end with ‑e, such as der Junge or der Name. These nouns add an ‑n to the end when in the accusative.
Der Name ist gut.
Kennst du seinen Namen?
der Vorname(the first name)
Ich mag deinen Vornamen.
Der Nachname(the last name)
Types of People
There are a few different words in German for people!
Menschen are technically humans, human beings, or mankind.
Leute is a large group of people (and it’s always plural).
Person literally means person! You can also use Personen to refer to a group of people small enough to count.
der Erwachsene(the adult)
der Bürger(the citizen)
das Mitglied(the member)
Die Gruppe lernt.
der Gegner(the opponent)
der Feind(the enemy)
Sie hat keine Feinde.
Der Anfänger(the beginner) hat keinen Hunger.
der Besucher(the vistor)
Der Besucher mag mich nicht.
Ich mag deine Freundin nicht.
I don't like your girlfriend.
Family
Familie might look like the word family, but it’s not pronounced the same, fah‑MEE‑lee‑uh!
The words Schwester and Geschwister may seem similar, but pay attention to the sound differences:
Schwester, “e” as in “bet”
Geschwister, “i” as in “in”
the relationship / die Beziehung / das Verhältnis
the relationships / die Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse
English
German
English
German
the dad/grandpa
der Papa/Opa
the mom/grandma
die Mama/Oma
the father
der Vater(Väter)
the mother
die Mutter
the husband
der Ehemann
the wife
die Ehefrau
the parents
Die Eltern
the grandparents
die Großeltern
the grandpa
der Großvater
the grandma
die Großmutter
the fiancé
der Verlobte
the fiancée
Die Verlobte
the boyfriend/friend
der Freund
the girlfriend
die Freundin
the brother
der Bruder
the daughter
die Tochter
the grandson
der Enkel
the granddaughter
die Enkelin
the brother-in-law
der Schwager
the daughter-in-law
die Schwiegertochter
the father-in-law
der Schwiegervater
the mother-in-law
die Schwiegermutter
the son
der Sohn
the sister
die Schwester
the son-in-law
der Schwiegersohn
the sister-in-law
die Schwägerin
the cousins
die Cousinen
brothers and sisters
das Geschwister
the uncle
der Onkel
the aunt
die Tante
the nephew
der Neffe
the niece
die Nichte
mein Vater und meine Mutter
my father and my mother
You might hear the words Mutti and Vati! These words were used in former East Germany and are still used in this area today.
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